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English Plant List
Anemone, Canada (Anemone canadensis)
Web Info:Wisconsin U, USDA, Connecticut Botanical Society.

Avens, Water (Geum rivale)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society

Barren Strawberry (Waldsteinia fragariodes)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Bellwort, Merry Bells (Uvularia perfoliata)
30 to 40cm. Bloom: May. The stalks seem to pierce the light green, oblong leaves: pale yellow, nodding, bell-shaped terminal flowers. Habitat: humus-rich woods and borders. This plant forms ornate, airy clumps that last through the summer.
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Widflowers of Alabama, USDA

Bergamot, Wild (Monarda fistulosa)
60 to 120cm. Bloom: August-September. Square stems with greyish lanceolate leaves ; tubular lavender flowers in rounded terminal clusters. Habitat: well drained fields and woodland borders. The aromatic leaves can be used to make tea; the flowers are attractive to insects. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, U.Wisconsin

Bittersweet, Climbing (Celastrus scandens)
Web info:University of Wisconsin, USDA

Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis)
20 to 25cm. Bloom: May. Single, somewhat leathery blue-green basal leaves curl around the leafless bloom stalk before fully opening; single white flower with bright yellow centre. Habitat: rich woodlands and borders. The colloquial name comes from the bright red juice in the plant's roots. The flowers, of fragile beauty, last but a short while.
Web info: Rideau Canal Waterway, Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill, USDA

Blue-eyed Grass (Sisyrinchium angustifolium)
10 to 15cm. May-June. Stiff narrow leaves in fans; small, star-shaped, blue flowers on stems usually taller than the leaves. Habitat: damp meadows. Does best in half-to-full sun in damp or well watered soil. It forms circular clumps that must be divided every three or four years to avoid die-back in the centre. (Illustration)
Web info: USGS, Boreal Forest, USDA,

Bluets (Houstonia caerulia)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Nova Scotia, USDA

Bog Rosemary (Andromeda glaucophylla)
Web info:Boreal Forest , USDA

Buchberry (Cornus canadensis)
Web info:Boreal Forest, <University of Vermont, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Burnet, Canadian (Sanguisorba canadensis)
Web info: Boreal Forest, USDA

Canada Mayflower (Maianthemum canadense)
Web info: Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis)
60 to 120cm. Bloom: July-August. Toothed, sometimes red-tinged or bronzy leaves, on tall, rarely branched, stalks; brilliant red tubular flowers with three-lobed lips in a showy terminal spike. Habitat: wet meadows and stream borders. Can take full sun if the soil is kept moist. The Cardinal Flower is a perennial, but has a very shallow root system; it requires submersion or a mulch over its basal rosettes to survive harsh winters or wide oscillations of temperature. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Cinquefoil, Marsh (Potentilla palustris)
Web info:Flora of the Arctic Archipelago, Wisconsin, USDA

Cohosh, Blue (Caulophyllum thalictroides)
30 to 90cm. Bloom: May-June. Lobed leaves on tall stalks; inconspicuous greenish flowers followed by clusters of large, deep blue, berry-like seeds. Habitat: deciduous woods. This plant forms becoming clumps and the berries provide an attractive point of interest in the later summer woods.
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, University of Wisconsin, McGill, USDA

Columbine, Red or Canadian (Aquilegia canadensis)
30 to 50 cm. Bloom: May-June. Graceful long stems with lobed leaflets; nodding flowers with red sepals and spurs, yellow petals. Habitat: clearings in dry woods, sandy or rocky soils, rocky ledges. Does best in neutral to slightly acid soil with good drainage. Does best in poor soils. Partial shade. (Illustration)
Web info:Boreal Forest, Queen's Research, McGill USDA, (Illustration)

Coneflower, Green-headed (Rudbeckia laciniata)
Web info: Wisconsin State Herbarium, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Coneflower, Grey-headed (Ratibida pinnata)
Web info: Wisconsin State Herbarium, Western Kentucky, USDA

Coneflower, Mexican Hat (Ratibida columnifera)
Web info: U. of Saskatchewan,USDA

Coneflower, Purple (Rudbeckia or Echinacea purpurea)
90 to 120cm. Bloom: July-September. Tall, somewhat hairy stems with dark green toothed leaves; terminal flowers with pink to purple rays and orange to brown central cones. Habitat: dry clearings and fields. The flowers are long lasting and attractive to insects as well as humans. (Illustration)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society

Corydalis, Pale (Corydalis sempervirens)
Web info:McGill, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum)
Web info: USDA

Doll's Eyes (Actaea pachypoda)
Web info:USDA, Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill U.

Dutchman's Breeches (Dicentra cucullaria)
10-30cm. Bloom: May. Light green, feathery leaves appearing in clumps; the white, V-shaped flowers, the "breeches," are raised above the leaf clump on a leafless stem. The leaves die back soon after bloom. Habitat: rich deciduous woods. The pantaloon shaped flowers are an object of curiosity, and the delicate leafy clumps accentuate the more delineated forms of other spring ephemerals.
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill, Rideau Information, USDA

False Solomon's Seal (Smilacina racemosa)
30 to 90cm. Bloom: May-June. Arching stem with alternate leaves; small white flowers in conspicuous, feathery terminal clusters. Habitat: rich woods. The plant's red berries are showy in the early fall.
Web info: Wisconsin State Herbarium, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, UCSC

Fern, Lady (Athryum felix-femina)
Web info:Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill, USDA

Fern, Maidenhair (Adiantum pedatum)
30 to 50cm. Slender, dark brown glossy stems (stipes) hold semi circular fronds (blades) horizontally above ground level. Grows in clumps from rhizomes. Habitat: wooded areas with humus-rich soil. Prefers filtered light, but can tolerate some sun, especially in the morning. Highly prized for its decorative value. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, McGill.

Flag, Blue (Iris versicolor)
20 to 80cm. Bloom: June-July. Fans of long, blade-like, light green leaves; the flowers, non-bearded and ranging in colour from light blue to purple, bloom in succession on sturdy, branched stalks. Habitat: wet meadows, swamp and pond margins, drainage ditches. The plant clumps well and survives the ravages of the iris borer if submerged in shallow water well into July. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, University of Manitoba, USDA, (Illustration)

Foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia)
10 to 20cm. Bloom: May-June. Maple-shaped leaves form a dense ground cover under deciduous trees; clusters of airy, small white flowers held well above the leaves on slender stalks give the plant its common name. An excellent companion for trilliums, bellwort, and hepatica.(Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Gentian, Bottle (Gentiana andrewsii)
30 to 60cm. Bloom: August-September. Somewhat glossy, lanceolate leaves on rarely branched stems; the deep blue petals, sometimes edged with pinkish purple, form bottle-shaped flowers which appear in clusters in the upper leaf axils and never open. Habitat: wet thickets, swamp and pond margins. Prefers at least filtered light. Bumble bees force their way into the flower through vertical slits formed where the sides of the petals meet. (Illustration)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Ginger, Wild (Asarum canadensis)
10 to 20cm. Bloom: May-June. Pairs of heart-shaped leaves grow from fleshy stems which creep through rich ground litter; single deep burgundy flowers with triple pointed lobes bloom on short stems at ground level. Habitat: rich deciduous woods. Spreads well, creating an excellent ground-cover. The stems exude a distinctive scent of ginger when bruised. May be used to make jelly. (Illustration)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill, University of Vermont, USDA. (Illustration)

Golden Alexanders (Zizia aurea)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Goldenrod, Blue-stemmed (Solidageo caesia)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Goldenrod, Grey (Solidago nemoralis)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Goldenrod, Zig-zag (Solidago flexicaulis)
Web info: USDA, U. of Toronto, Wisconsin State Herbarium

Goldthread (Coptis groenlandica)
Web info:Boreal Forest, McGill, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, U.S. Government

Harebell (Campanula rotundifolia)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Hepatica, Sharp-leaved (Hepatica acutiloba)
10 to 15cm. Bloom: April-May. Three-lobed basal leaves which subsist through the winter; the flowers, with five to nine petal like sepals ranging in colour from white to purple, bloom in early spring on hairy stems. Habitat: humus-rich woods. This early bloomer requires sun in the spring followed by shade once the trees are in leaf. (Illustration) USDA

Indian Cucumber (Medeola virginiana)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin Herbarium, USDA

Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)
25-90cm. Bloom: May-June. Beneath two large, three-parted pointed leaves, appears the "pulpit," a striped, purple to green hood which folds over "Jack," a club-shaped spadix that houses the plant's true male and female flowers. The plant can change sex from year to year, apparently according to growing conditions. Habitat: damp woods, swamp, pond, and stream margins. Partial to full shade. (Illustration)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA. (Illustration)

Leek, Wild (Allium tricocum)
Web info:USDA, McGill Biology

Lily, Canada (Lilium canadense)
60 to 150cm. Bloom: July. Tall stalks, sometimes reaching an adult's eye level, with whorls of pointed leaves; up to fourteen yellow, orange, or orange-red nodding, bell-shaped flowers in a candelabra arrangement. Habitat: damp meadows, woodland borders. This extraordinary plant does well in gardens if it receives shade during the hottest part of the day and if the soil is humus-rich and not allowed to dry out. (Illustration)
Web info: Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Lily, Wood (Lilium philadelphicum)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Lobelia, Great Blue (Lobelia siphilitica)
30 to 120cm. Bloom: August-September. Erect leafy stems; clear blue flowers appear among leafy bracts to form a spike at the top of the stem. Habitat: damp woods, meadows, swamp margins. Does best with partial shade or full sun if soil is kept moist. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Loosestrife, Fringed (Lysimachia ciliata)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Marigold, Marsh (Caltha palustris)
30 to 60cm. Bloom: May-June. Heart-shaped leaves on hollow, branching stems appearing in clumps during spring run-off; the flowers, with five to nine bright yellow sepals, are grouped at the top of the stems. Habitat: swamps, marshes, wet meadows, stream and pond margins. If covered with water during the spring, the plant can be allowed to dry out and die back later in the season with no harm. In spring, a bright complement to the browns and greys of dried vegetation. (Illustration)
Web info:Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, McGill, USDA, (Illustration)

Mayflower, Canada (Maianthemum canadense)
5 to 15cm. Bloom: May-June. Glossy, deep green, heart-shaped leaves; white star-shaped flowers clustered at the top of the stem. Habitat: shady woods in humus-rich soil. An excellent ground cover. (Illustration)

Meadow-rue, Early (Thalictrum dioicum)
20 to 75cm. Bloom: May-June. Numerous compound, pale-green lobed leaves give the plant an airy, bush-like appearance; inconspicuous greenish white tassel-like flowers. Habitat: rich deciduous woods and borders. The bushy habit of this plant makes it a useful and attractive ornamental.

Milkweed, Swamp (Asclepias incarnata)
30 to 120cm. Bloom: July-august. Smooth, clearly veined narrow leaves on tall stems which branch near the top; light pink and deep rose flowers in terminal umbels. Habitat: damp meadows, drainage ditches, swamp and pond margins. The elegant leaves and strong rose of the flowers make this a fine edge plant for ponds. (Illustration)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, (Illustration)

Milkweed, Butterfly (Asclepias tuberosa)
30 to 75cm. Bloom: July-August. Showy bright orange flowers clustered in umbels on slender stems; leaves narrow, clearly veined and somewhat hairy. Habitat: well drained fields and clearings; soil preferably somewhat sandy. Full to partial sun. Very attractive to butterflies. (Illustration)

Mitrewort(Mitella diphylla)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, Wisconsin Herbarium

Monkey-flower, Blue (Mimulus ringens)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Obedient Plant (Physostegia virginiana)
Web info: Wisconsin Herbarium, USDA

Onion, Nodding (Allium cernuum)
Web info:State of Illinois, USDA.

Partridge-berry (Mitchella repens)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, VIrginia Tech

Pearly Everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, Colorado Springs Utilities

Penstemon, Smooth (Penstmon digitalis)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin , USDA, North Carolina

Poppy, Wood (Stylophorum diphyllum)
Web info: Species At Risk, USDA

Pussy-toes, Smaller or Lesser (Antennaria canadensis)
Web info:USDA

Pyrola, Lesser (Pyrola minor)

Rosinweed (Silphium integrifolium)
USDA, Illinois, Missouri Conservationist

Rosy Twisted-stalk (Streptopus roseus)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Boreal Forest, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Solomon's Seal, Smooth (Polygonatum biflorum)
20 to 90cm. Bloom: May-June. Arching stems with pale green leaves; greenish white, bell-shaped flowers hang in pairs from leaf axils. Habitat: humus-rich deciduous woods. A graceful, but longer lasting, companion of the spring ephemerals.
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Spring Beauty (Claytonia virginica)
Web info:Indiana State University, Connecticut Botanical Society

St.Johnswort, Great (Hypericum pyramidatum)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Starflower (Trientalis borealis)
Web info: Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Starry False Solomon's Seal (Simacina stellata)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Sunflower, Sawtooth (Helianthus grosse-serratus)
USDA

Sunflower, False (Heliopsis helianthoides)

Toothwort (Dentaria diphylla)
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, University of Wisconsin , USDA

Thimbleweed (Anemone virginiana)

Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA, McGill U..

Tick-trefoil, Showy (Desmodium canadense)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society

Trillium, Purple (Trillium erectum)
20 to 40cm. Bloom: May. A whorl of three broad, net-veined, deep green leaves located at the top of a broad stalk; a single burgundy flower rises on a narrower stalk from the leaf-whorl. Habitat: humus-rich deciduous and mixed woods. Due to the darkness of its flower, for gardening purposes this trillium is best located near a pathway or viewpoint. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Trillium, White, Great, or Snow) (Trillium grandiflorum)
20 to 45cm. Bloom: May. A whorl of three leaves, slightly narrower than those of the Purple Trillium, at the summit of an erect stalk; the snow-white flower turns pink with age. Habitat: humus-rich deciduous woods. This trillium, which requires sun until the trees are in leaf, combines the qualities of graceful charm and high visibility. (Illustration)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Trout Lily (Erythronium americanum)
Web info:Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Turtlehead, White (Chelone glabra)
30 to 90cm. Bloom: July-September. Slender plant with lanceolate toothed leaves; white tubular flowers, said to resemble a turtle's head, clustered at the stem top. Habitat: wet meadows, stream, pond, and ditch edges. Does well in the company of other wetland plants.
Web info:Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Twinflower (Linnaea borealis)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Boreal Forest, USDA

Violet, Canada (Viola canadensis)
Web info: Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Violet, Dog (Viola conspersa)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Chicago Botanic Garden, USDA

Violet, Sweet White (Viola blanda)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Violet, Yellow (Viola pensylvanica)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, Wisconsin State Herbarium, USDA

Virginia Waterleaf (Hydrophyllum virginianum)
Web info: Connecticut Botanical Society, USDA

Wintergreen (Gualtheria procumbens)
Web info:Boreal Forest, Connecticut Botanical Society, University of Vermont, USDA